While still at school in junior high school, would you ever learn the sine term in mathematics pelajara eye. Sinus is a comparison of the triangle in front of the angle with the hypotenuse.? Sine law that was brought before a Muslim mathematician in the early 11 th century AD

Mathematician's name was Abu Nasr Mansur ibn Ali ibn Iraq or familiarly called Abu Nasr Mansur (960 AD - 1036 AD).? Bill Scheppler in his work entitled al-Biruni: Master Astronomer and Muslim Scholar of the Eleventh Century, revealed that? Abu Nasr Mansur was a Persian Muslim mathematician.

"He was known as the discovery of the sine law," said Scheppler.? Mathematical historian John Joseph O'Connor and Edmund Frederick Robertson explained that Abu Nasr Mansur? born in the region? Gilan, Persia in 960 AD It was recorded in The Regions of the World, a book of Persian geography 982 bertarikh M.

His family "Banu Iraq" master Khawarizm region (now Kara-Kalpakskaya, Uzbekistan). Khawarizm is a region adjoining the Aral Sea. "He became a prince in the political field," said O'Cornor and Robertson.

In Khawarizm the same time, Abu Nasr Mansur their studies and sit under an astronomer and mathematician Abu'l-Wafa famous Muslim (940 AD - 998 AD). His brain is diluted to make Abu Nasr easily mastered mathematics and astronomy. Grandeur that was dropped on his students, namely? Al-Biruni (973 AD - 1048 AD).

At that time, Al-Biruni did not just become his disciple, but also become a very important colleague in the field of mathematics. They work together to find the formulas and laws that are very unusual in math. The second collaboration of scientists has created a line of discovery is very great and beneficial to human civilization.

Abu Nasr's life journey is affected by a less stable political situation. End of the 10th century AD until the early 11 th century AD was a period of great unrest in the Islamic world. At that time, there was civil war in the city of the scientists settled. In that era, Khawarizm become part of the dynasty's territory Samaniyah.

Power struggle between small dynasties in the Central Asian region that makes the political situation becomes less uncertain. In 995 AD, the power of the Banu Iraq was overthrown. At that time, Abu Nasr Mansur became prince. It is unclear what happened at Abu Nasr Mansur in the country, but certainly al-Biruni pupils managed to escape from the threat of civil war that.

After the incident, Abu Nasr Mansur ibn Ali worked in the palace of Ma'mun and Abu'l Abbas Ma'mun became chancellor. The presence of the second ruler of Abu Nasr make it a success.

Ali ibn Ma'mun and Abu'l Abbas Ma'mun a supporter of science. Both encourage and support Abu Nasr develop science. No wonder if he was a top scientist at the palace.? His works are highly respected and admired.

Abu Nasr Mansur spend the rest of his life in the palace of Mahmud in Ghazna. He died in 1036 AD in Ghazni, Afghanistan now.? Even so, the work and kontribusianya for the development of science still remembered for all time. Modern Islamic world must not forget the figure of Muslim scholars on this one.

The Contribution of Scientists

Abu Nasr Mansur has provided an important contribution in the world of science. Some work of Abu Nasr focus on the areas of mathematics, but some of his writings also discuss problems of astronomy.

In the field of mathematics, he has so many works that are very important in trigonometry.? Abu Nasr successfully developed the works of mathematicians, astronomy, geography and astrology? Roman name? Claudius Ptolemaeus (90 BC - 168 BC).

He also studied the works of the Greek mathematician and astronomer, Menelaus of Alexandria (70 BC - 140 BC). Abu Nasr criticize and develop theories and laws that have been developed that Greek scientists.

Collaboration with Abu Nasr al-Biruni was so famous. Abu Nasr successfully completed around 25 major works together? al-Biruni. "About 17 of his work until now still survive.?? This shows that Abu Nasr Mansur was an astronomer and mathematician extraordinary, "? explained? Mathematical historian John Joseph O'Connor and Edmund Frederick Robertson

In the field of Mathematics, Abu Nasr has seven works, while the rest? in the field of astronomy. All the works that still survive have dipublikaskan, has been translated into European languages, and this gives some indication of how highly the importance of the work of Muslim scholars.

In particular, Abu Nasr presents as many as 20 works to his student al-Biruni. One of the masterpieces of the Muslim scientists are commentary in The Spherics of Menelaus.

His role is really big in the development of trigonometry from Ptolemy's calculations with trigonometric functions connecting the two points that still remain in use. In addition, he was also instrumental in developing and gathering tables? able to provide an easy solution to a problem figure typical spherical astronomy (astronomy form).

Abu Nasr also developed The Spherics of Menelaus is an important part, since the original work of the Greek Menelaus extinct. The work comes from the basic solution Menelaus Ptolemy number of issues contained in the form of astronomical treatise titled Ptolemy's Almagest.

"His work in three books: the first book to learn the content / property a triangular shape, the second book examines the content of a parallel system of circles in a ball / shape they cut a big circle, the third book gives evidence of Menelaus theorem," explained O'Cornor and Robertson.

At work trigonometrinya, Abu Nasr Mansur discovered the law of sines as follows:

a / sin A = b / sin B = c / sin C.

"Abu'l-Wafa may find this law first and Abu Nasr Mansur may learn from him. Certainly both have a strong priority to determine and will almost certainly never be known with certainty, "said O'Cornor and Robertson.

O'Cornor and Robertson also mentioned one other name, referred to as a third person who is sometimes referred to as the inventor of the same law, a Muslim astronomer and mathematician of Persia, al-Khujandi (940 AD - 1000 AD).

However, less reasonable if al-Khujandi dsebut as the inventor of the sine law, as written in his book Samso Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). "He was a practical astronomer of the most major, which is not concerned with theoretical problems," he said.

Minutes of Abu Nasr discusses five trigonometric functions are used to solve problems in astronomy. This article shows the improvement obtained by Abu Nasr Mansur in the first use of a radius value. Abu Nasr Mansur other works in the field of astronomy includes four work in formulating and applying the astrolab.

Al-Biruni, Abu Nasr Witness Greatness

Indeed, he was a pupil at the same time a friend of Abu Nasr Mansur. However, he is more famous than his teacher.
Even so, al-Biruni never forget the services of Abu Nasr in educating him. The second collaboration of scientists from the 11th century AD It was respected and admired.

Abu Nasr has 'given birth' a very great scientist. Historians of Western Science, George Sarton so admire the performance and achievement of al-Biruni in diverse disciplines. "All would agree that Al-Biruni was one of a very great scientist of all time," says Sarton.

Not without reason when Sarton and Sabra mendapuknya as a great scientist. Indeed, al-Biruni was a scientist who is phenomenal. History records, al-Biruni as the first Muslim scholars who study and learn about the ins and outs of India and the Brahminical tradition. He's very intense learning the language, text, history and culture of India.

Hard work and seriousness in studying and exploring various aspects of India, al-Biruni was crowned as 'Mr Indology' - the study of India. Not only that, scientists from Khawarizm, Persian was also named as 'Mr Geodesy'.

In the golden era of Islam, al-Biruni had already laid the foundations of one of the oldest branches of science related to the physical environment of the earth. In addition, al-Biruni was also crowned as the 'first anthropologists' throughout the universe. As a scientist who mastered a variety of science, al-Biruni was also a pioneer in developing methods of science.

History of science noted, scientists who live in the era of power Samaniyah Dynasty was one of the originator of the experimental scientific method. Al-Biruni was not only master the various sciences such as physics, anthropology, psychology, chemistry, astrology, history, geography, geodesy, mathematics, pharmacy, medicine, and philosophy. He's also down to give such a huge kontrbusi for every science that mastered it.